α, β and γ Radiations

IMPORTANT

α, β and γ Radiations: Overview

This topic covers concepts, such as, Radioactivity, Alpha Decay, Energy Level Diagram for Gamma Decay & Beta Stability Curve etc.

Important Questions on α, β and γ Radiations

EASY
IMPORTANT

Out of the two characteristics – the mass number (A) and the atomic number (Z) – of a nucleus, which one does not change during nuclear   β decay?

EASY
IMPORTANT

Out of the two characteristics – the mass number (A) and the atomic number (Z) – of a nucleus, which one does not change during nuclear   β decay?

EASY
IMPORTANT

The end product on the β decay of   15 32 P  is:

EASY
IMPORTANT

The end product of the β- decay of 1532P is

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

Which are amongst the following represent plot of the distribution of kinetic energy of β particles?

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

β particle is emitted in a radio active reaction when

EASY
IMPORTANT

When Boron nucleus   ( 5 10 B )  is bombarded by neutrons,   α - particles are emitted. The resulting nucleus is of the element _____________ and has the mass number_____________

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

In the Uranium radioactive series, the initial nucleus is   238 92 U  and the final nucleus is   206 82 Pb . When the Uranium nucleus decays to lead, the number of  α-particles emitted is _______________ and the number of   β-particles emitted is _______________.

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

In the given nuclear reaction, the element X is Na1122X+e++v

EASY
IMPORTANT

A nucleus of mass M at rest, is initially in an excited state whose energy is ΔE above the ground state of the nucleus. The nucleus emits a gamma-ray of energy hν and makes a transition to the ground state. Now choose CORRECT statement(s)

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

 1940K converts to A1840r by positive β decay as well as electron capture. Let Q values for the β decay and electron capture be Q1 and Q2 respectively in the above reaction.

EASY
IMPORTANT

Just after a K shell capture, which of the following come out from the atom?

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

Gold Nucleus Au79198 can decay into mercury nucleus Hg80198 by two decay schemes shown in figure. (i) It can emit a β particle β1 and come to ground state by either emitting one γ ray γ1 or emitting two γ rays γ3&γ2 (ii) It can emit one x particle β2 and come to ground state by emitting γ2 ray. Atomic masses: Au198=197.9682amu,Hg198=197.9662amu,1amu=930MeV/c2. The energy levels of the nucleus are shown in figure.

Question Image 

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

In beta decay, the emitted beta particles have a range of values of their kinetic energy. The maximum energy Emax  of beta particles emitted in the decay of C14 is 0.165MeV. Assuming number of beta particles (dN) with energy between E and E+dE have the form dNαE×Emax-E2×dE. Let a sample of C14 is decaying into N14 and activity is kept constant at rate 1 millicurie. All beta particles emitted are being absorbed by a target and causing evolution of heat. If the heat evolution rate is x×106MevS, find x

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

Let nuclide A be α-emitter and nuclide B be β-emitter. Both A and B contain large number of nuclei. Choose the correct statement:

EASY
IMPORTANT

Concept of neutrino was given by,

EASY
IMPORTANT

Out of the two characteristics – the mass number (A) and the atomic number (Z) – of a nucleus, which one does not change during nuclear   β decay?

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

In a radioactive decay chain, the initial nucleus is  90232Th. At the end, there are 6 α-particles and 4β-particles which are emitted. If the end nucleus is ZAX, A and Z are given by:

EASY
IMPORTANT

In a radioactive decay chain, the initial nucleus is 90232TH. At the end there are 6α-particles and 4β- particles which are emitted. If the end nucleus is ZX, A and Z are given by

EASY
IMPORTANT

A radioactive nucleus X converts into a stable nucleus Y. The half-life of X is 50 yr. Calculate the age of radioactive sample when the ratio of X and Y is 1:15.